![]() The results indicate that the delay time for the holes must be prioritized to achieve breaking effects in the rock with the simultaneous formation of a new free surface, next considering the wave superposition cancellation. The effects of charge and delay time on the velocity and principal frequency of a blasting seismic wave are discussed. The velocity and frequency of the vibration with digital electronic detonators are analyzed, compared with non-electronic detonators. Then the optimum delay times of different holes were obtained and applied to New Hongyan tunnel project. ![]() The velocities, rocks breaking and wave superposition cancellation of the vibration using different delay times are analyzed with digital electronic detonators. Then the delay times were calculated according to the formulas and applied in the field tests. And then according to the actual layout diagram of the tunnel holes, the delay time calculation formulas of different holes are put forward. This study proposes a method for calculating the delay time for cut holes, easer holes and periphery holes, considering the rocks breaking effect as well as wave superposition theory. ![]() The reasonable delay time of millisecond-delay blasting using digital electronic detonators can significantly reduce the vibration effects induced by tunnel blasting.
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